How can smallpox spread from one person to another?

Smallpox is an infectious disease caused by the variola virus, and it is highly contagious. Understanding how it spreads is essential for effective control and prevention measures.

One of the primary modes of transmission is through respiratory droplets. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, tiny droplets containing the virus can be inhaled by someone nearby, leading to infection. This route emphasizes the airborne nature of the virus during close contact.

Direct contact with infected individuals also plays a significant role in the spread of smallpox. The virus can be found in skin lesions and other bodily fluids of an infected person. When an uninfected individual comes into direct contact with these lesions or body fluids, they can become infected.

Additionally, smallpox can spread via contaminated objects, known as fomites. These are inanimate objects that can carry the virus, such as bedding, clothing, or medical instruments used by an infected person. If another person comes into contact with these contaminated objects and then touches their face or any mucous membranes, transmission can occur.

Therefore, the correct choice encompasses all the modes of transmission: respiratory droplets, direct contact, and contaminated objects, highlighting the multifaceted nature of smallpox spread. Understanding these routes is crucial for medical